Understanding Chromosomal Abnormalities in Renal Cell Carcinoma

What chromosomal abnormality is frequently observed in renal cell carcinoma?

• A. Chromosome 17p
• B. Chromosome 3p
• C. Chromosome 10q
• D. Chromosome 12q

Answer: (B)

The frequent observation of chromosomal abnormalities in renal cell carcinoma highlights the significance of chromosome 3p, which is particularly known for its association with this type of cancer. The most common subtype of renal cell carcinoma is clear cell carcinoma, which is often linked to the loss of heterozygosity on chromosome 3p. This loss typically involves tumor suppressor genes, including the VHL (von Hippel-Lindau) gene, which plays a crucial role in cellular growth regulation and apoptosis. When there is a deletion or mutation in chromosome 3p, it can lead to uncontrolled cell proliferation and contribute to tumor development. This chromosomal region's abnormalities are well-documented in both familial and sporadic cases of renal cell carcinoma, making chromosome 3p a key focus in understanding the pathology of this cancer. In contrast, while other chromosomes may harbor abnormalities in different cancers or even within rarer subtypes of renal cell carcinoma, chromosome 3p has a strong and established connection to the pathogenesis of the more common forms of renal cell carcinoma, solidifying its importance in both research and clinical practice.

When preparing for the Oncology Certified Nurse (OCN) Nursing Practice Test, it's essential to grasp the complexities surrounding chromosomal abnormalities, particularly in renal cell carcinoma. Have you ever wondered why certain chromosomes are more crucial than others in cancer development? Let’s explore one key player: chromosome 3p and its connection to this type of cancer.