Oncology Certified Nurse (OCN) Nursing Practice Test

Which cancer is most commonly associated with lymphedema?

1. Lung cancer

2. Skin cancer

3. Colorectal cancer

4. Breast cancer

The correct answer is: Breast cancer

Lymphedema is a condition that arises from the blockage of lymphatic vessels, often leading to swelling, typically in the limbs. This is particularly relevant in oncology because certain cancers and their treatments can significantly contribute to the development of lymphedema. Breast cancer is most commonly associated with lymphedema due to the surgical interventions (such as lumpectomy or mastectomy) and the associated removal of nearby lymph nodes for staging and treatment. When these lymph nodes are removed or damaged, it disrupts the normal flow of lymphatic fluid, leading to swelling in the arm on the side of the surgery. The prevalence of lymphedema after breast cancer treatment ranges significantly, with some studies indicating that as many as 20-30% of women may experience some degree of lymphedema following treatment. In contrast, while other cancers such as colorectal cancer can also lead to lymphedema (typically following abdominal surgeries or radiation therapy that affects lymphatic drainage), breast cancer remains the leading type associated with this condition due to the widespread nature of lymph node removal in breast cancer treatment protocols. Understanding the link between breast cancer and lymphedema is crucial for nurses and healthcare providers so they